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Mushaa,i'roN meN Taqdeem-o-TaaKheer
Mushaa,i'roN meN :Taqdeem-o-Taakheer:

Sarwar A. Raz "Sarwar"

Internet kee muKhtalif Urdu meHfiloN meN gaahe gaahe she'r-o-adab ke Hawaaleh se aise mauZ^oo'aat par guftgoo hotee rehtee hai jin se nayee nasl ke likhne waale yaa to waaqif hee naheeN haiN yaa phir bohat kam waaqif haiN. isee silsileh meN ek beHc :Mushaa,i'roN meN Taqdeem-o-Taakheer: par bhee huyee. aise maZ^aameen nah Sirf hamaaree ma'loomaat meN iZ^aafah karte haiN bal.k hamaaree she'ree aur adabee riwaayaat ko aa,indha nasloN ke liYe meHfooz^ bhee kartee haiN. ham maGhrabee mumaalik meN muqeem haiN aur yahaaN Urdu ke iblaaGh aur ishaa,a't ke wasaa,il taqreeba" mafqood haiN. le de keh internet kee yeh meHfileN haiN jin kaa SaHeeH ista'maal yaqeena" is mushkil kaam meN madad kar saktaa hai. ummeed hai keh hamaarw paRhne waaloN ke liYe yeh silsilah mufeed rahe gaa.

(1) luGhat (dictionary) meN :taqdeem: ke ma'nee haiN :aage baRhnaa, kisee ko aage bhejnaa: aur :taaKheer: ke ma'nee haiN :peechhe chhoR denaa, peechhe kar denaa:.

mushaa,i'roN meN shaa,i'roN ko aage-peechhe paRhwaane ko :taqdeem-o-taaKheer: kehte haiN. goyaa is a'mal se shaa,i'roN kee tarteeb muai,yyan kee jaatee hai keh kaun saa shaa,i'r kis se pehle paRhe gaa aur kaun ba'd meN.

Urdu mushaa,i'roN meN ek dastoor yaa riwaayat hai keh nau-mashq shaa,i'roN ko pehle paRhwaayaa jaataa hai aur koshish yeh kee jaatee hai keh ziyaadah puKhtah-mashq shaa,i'r ba-tadreej ba'd meN paRheN. uSoola" sab se ziyaadah puKhtah-mashq shaa,i'r ko sab shaa,i'roN ke ba'd paRhnaa chaahiYe. lekin aisaa karnaa hameshah mumkin naheeN hotaa hai. shaa,i'roN kee tarteeb dar-aSl ek ishaareh ke mutaraadif hotee hai keh :fulaaN SaaHeb fulaaN se ziyaadah puKhtah-mashq haiN:! is iqdaam kee mushkilaat Zaraa see fikr se sab par z^aahir ho jaanee chaahiYeN!

ek riwaayat yeh bhee hai keh Sadr-e-mushaa,i'rah sab se aaKhir meN apnaa kalaam sunaataa hai aur us ke ba'd saami,e'en kaa shukriyah adaa kar ke meHfil barKhwaast kar dee jaatee hai.

(2) ab se taqreeba" 50-60 saal qabl maiN waalid-e-marHoom "Raz" Chandpuri SaaHeb ke hamraah Jabalpur, MP, India ke maqaamee mushaa,i'roN meN jaataa thaa. un ko mere shauq kaa i'lm thaa aur woh Khud hee mujh se saath chalne ko kahaa karte the.

un meHfil meN yeh iltizaam kiyaa jaataa thaa keh shaa,i'roN ko mumkinah Had tak un ke she'ree maqaam ke pesh-e-naz^ar jagah dee jaaYe. ya'nee achhe shaa,i'roN ko Sadr-e-meHfil ke qareeb biThaate the aur phir ba-tadreej doosre shaa,i'roN ko jagah miltee thee.

maiN ne kisee ko kabhee meHfil se Sirf is liYe jaate naheeN dekhaa keh us ko meHfil meN apnee nashist yaa mushaa,i'reh meN apne maqaam par e'tiraaZ^ thaa. aise waaqi,a'at Z^aroor hote hoN ge kyoN.k insaanee fit^rat "anaa-pasand" hai. albattah aise Haadicaat mere mushaahideh meN naheeN aaYe.

us zamaaneh meN u'mooma" log ek doosre kaa bohat eHtiraam karte the aur apne maqaam par hee paRhte the. agar koyee iHitjaaj karnaa hotaa thaa to ba'd meN mutaz^imeen se yaa buzurg aur mo'tabar shaa,i'roN se kar liyaa karte the taa.k mustaqbil meN un kaa Khayaal rakhaa jaaYe. mujh ko yeh is liYe ma'loom hai keh yeh baateN waalid-e-marHoom ke saamne laayee jaatee theeN kyoN.k un kee maqaamee logoN meN bohat saakh aur i'zzat thee!

mere laRakpan meN hamaare shehr meN bijlee to aa chukee thee lekin :mike/loud-speaker: ziyaadh a'am naheeN the. puraane zamaaneh meN jab.k Hindustan meN bijlee naheeN aayee thee chand baateN mushaa,i'roN ke Hawaaleh se bohat dilchasp theeN. in kaa muKhtaSar bayaan yahaaN naa-munaasib naheeN ho gaa:

(a) mushaa,i'roN meN a'waam kee aamad par paabandee naheeN thee lekin shaa,i'roN aur paRhe-likhe logoN ke i'laawah a'waam kam hee shirkat karte the. is kee ek wajh to un meN ta'leem aur adabee-o-she'ree Zauq kee kamee thee. doosre yeh keh :loudspeakers: kee Ghair-maujoodagee meN shaa,i'roN kee aawaaz door tak naheeN jaa saktee thee aur log shaa,i'roN ko sun naheeN sakte the. [Eid ke mauqe' par aap ne jo :mukabbir: (imaam kee aawaaz ko door door tak duhraa kar phailaane waale) dekhe haiN us kee wajh bhee yehee :loudspeakers: kaa fuqdaan thee.] teesree wajh yeh thee keh mushaa,i're akcar baadshaahoN, nawaaboN aur rayeesoN ke yahaaN huwaa karte the jahaaN a'waam kee rasaayee naheeN thee.

(b) mushaa,i're shama' (tel ke chiraaGh) kee raushanee meN hote the. jis shaa,i'r ke paRhne kee baaree hotee us ke saamne shama' rakh dee jaatee thee. is kee bhee kayee wujoohaat theeN:

awwal: saami,e'en ko shaa,i'r ko dekhne meN madad miltee thee aur ek t^araH se :spotlight: us par murtakiz ho jaatee thee. ek raushan shama' mushaa,i'reh ke dauraan Sadr ke saamne mustaqil rakhee rehtee thee aur doosree shama' garidishh kiyaa kartee thee.

dom: shaa,i'r shama' kee raushanee meN apnee Ghazal paRh saktaa thaa. ba-Soorat-e-deegar us ko Ghazal yaad karnee paRtee aur chooN.k mushaa,i're u'mooma" raat ko hee hote the (aur ab bhee hote haiN) un kee shakl bhee logoN ko naz^ar nah aatee!

(c) shama' ko gardish dene kaa kaam shaahee zamaane meN chobdaar (Khaadim) karte the. ba'd meN ek shaa,i'r Ghazal paRh kar shama' Khud hee baraabar waale shaa,i'r ke saamne rakh detaa thaa! yeh t^areeqah ek rasm ke t^aur par maiN ne Houston, USA kee kuchh meHfiloN meN bhee dekhaa jahaaN shama' kaa kaam ek moTee "mom-battee" se chalaayaa jaa rahaa thaa!

(d) agar mushaa,i'reh meN baadshaah-e-waqt yaa koyee nawaab shareek hotaa thaa to ta'z^eema" woh meHfil kaa Sadr bhee hotaa thaa aur woh sab se aaKhir meN Ghazal paRhtaa thaa. is meN riwaayat ke i'laawah Khushaamad ko bhee kaafee daKhl thaa!

jo meHfileN baadshaahoN ke meHloN yaa deewaan-KhaanoN meN hotee theeN in meN maKhSooS log hee shareek ho sakte the aur baadshaah Sadr hone ke naate apnee Ghazal sab ke ba'd meN Khud hee sunaataa thaa. a'am mushaa,i'roN meN baadshaah/nawaab apnee Ghazal kisee darbaaree ke haath bhijwaa diyaa karte the jo us ko paRh kar sunaataa thaa aur daad bhee wuSooltaa thaa!

(e) mushaa,i'reh meN paRhne waaloN kee fehrist pehle se mezbaan yaa muhtamim-e-mushaa,i'rah tai,yyaar kar liyaa karte the aur ek chobdaar (Khaadim) us ke mut^aabiq ba-aawaaz-e-baland shaa,i'r ke naam kaa e'laan kiyaa kartaa thaa.

(f) maiN ne apne bachpan meN jo mushaa,i're dekhe un meN u'mooma" Sadr-e-meHfil sab se pehle ek muKhtaSar Khut^bah-e-Sadaarat diyaa kartaa thaa jis meN shaa,i'ree ke Hawaaleh se chand mufeed baateN hotee theeN. jahaaN tak mujh ko i'lm hai aise Khut^beh kaa eHtimaam sab se pehle "Seemab" Akbarabadi ne baa-qaa,i'dagee se kiyaa thaa. phir yeh riwaaj-e-a'am ho gayaa thaa lekin is kee paabandee laazimee naheeN thee aur nah ab hai.

(3) aaj kal mushaa,i'reh meN :taqdeem-o-taaKheer: (ya'nee shaa,i'roN ko :stage: par kis tarteeb se bulaayaa jaaYe) a'am t^aur se naaz^im-e-mushaa,i'rah kisee mo'tabar dost yaa shaa,i'r ke mashwareh se t^ai kartaa hai. Urdu waale bardaasht kaa maa,ddah kam aur :anaa: bohat baRee rakhte haiN! chunaan.ch mushaa,i'roN meN kabhee kabhee bad-mazagee paidaa ho jaatee hai.

maiN ne USA meN yeh dekhaa hai keh kuchh shaa,i'r apnee baaree par paRhne se inkaar kar dete haiN, yaa koyee bahaanah banaa dete haiN taa.k un kee jagah kisee aur ko paRhwaa liyaa jaaYe aur woh kuchh ba'd meN tashreef laaYeN! maiN ne is bad-u'nwaanee kee kayee maZ^Hakh-Khez SoorateN dekhee haiN:

(a) ek SaaHeb haiN jin ko apnaa naam sunte hee apnee koyee Ghazal yaad naheeN rehtee hai aur woh :sochne: ke liYe mazeed :muhlat: maaNgte haiN! Hairat yeh hai keh ba'd meN paRhwaa,iYe to un kee yaad-daasht baHaal ho jaatee hai aur un ko bohat see GhazleN faura" yaad aa jaatee haiN!

(b) ek Khaatoon haiN jo hameshah mushaa,i'reh meN 2-3 ghanTe der se aatee haiN taa.k un ko ba'd meN paRhwaayaa jaaYe! woh Khud chauthe darje kee shaa,i'rah haiN lekin is se kyaa farq paRtaa hai?

(c) kuchh shaa,i'r paRhne se hee Saaf inkaar kar dete haiN kyoN.k un ke Khayaal meN un kaa she'ree maqaam bohat baland hai! Basheer Badr is mu,a'amileh meN bohat badnaam haiN jab.k Himayat Ali "Shair" ko jis maqaam par bhee paRhwaa deejiYe ba-Khushee paRh dete haiN!

(4) achhe shaa,i'roN ko ba'd meN paRhwaane meN maSliHat yeh hai keh is t^araH ba-tadreej behtar kalaam su,ne meN aataa hai. agar achhe shaa,i'r pehle paRh leN to ba'd meN teesre aur chauthe darje ke :shaa,i'r/mutashaa,i'r: aur tuk-band reh jaaYeN ge jo mushaa,i'reh ke ma'yaar ko yaqeena" giraaYeN ge.

Sadr-e-meHfil kaa mu,a'amilah doosraa hai. yeh mumkin hai keh SaaHeb-e-Sadr koyee mu,a'mmar buzurg hoN lekin achhe shaa,i'r nah hoN. ta'zeema" phir bhee un ko sab ke aaKhir meN paRhwaayaa jaataa hai. is meN mushkil yeh hai keh jab raat ke pichhle pahar Sadr ke paRhne kaa waqt aataa hai to beshtar saami,e'en ghar jaa chuke hote haiN aur chand log hee reh jaate haiN! is se Sadr ko apnee subkee kaa eHsaas hotaa hai lekin z^aahir hai keh koyee kisee ko uTh kar jaane se to naheeN rok saktaa hai!

maiN ne is mas,aleh kaa jo Hal nikaalaa hai us meN mujh ko bohat kaamyaabee huyee hai aur ab tak meree niz^aamat meN hone waale mushaa,i're bad-mazagee se paak rahe haiN. Sirf ek meN is ke imkaanaat Basheer Badr SaaHeb ne paidaa kiYe the (maiN yeh waaqi,ah kisee aur jagah likh chukaa hooN. kisee mauqe se yahaaN bhee i'brat ke liYe duhraa dooN gaa.) meraa t^areeqah darj-e-Zel hai:

(1) har mushaa,i'reh se pehle ek parwaanah (flyer) sab ko bhej diyaa jaataa hai. yaa to is parwaaneh meN yaa phir phone ke Zari,e'h shaa,i'roN par teen baateN KhaaS t^aur se waaZ^eH kar dee jaatee haiN:

(a) waqt kee paabandee kaa KhaaS Khayaal rakhaa jaaYe jo shaaZ-o-naadir hee hotaa hai!

(b) maqaamee shaa,i'roN ko ek meHdood ta'daad (4-6) meN ash,a'ar sunaane kee ijaazat ho gee. chooN.k maiN bhee :maqaamee: hooN is liYe yeh paabandee mujh par bhee a'a,id hotee hai! maiN is uSool ko pooree Zimmedaare ke ista'maal kartaa hooN!

(c) meHfil meN maqaamee shaa,i'roN kaa naam Sirf ek martabah pukaaraa jaaYe gaa! agar woh us waqt wahaaN naheeN haiN to ba'd meN un ko paRhne kee zeHmat naheeN dee jaaYe gee! is par bhee saKhtee se (nihaayat ma'Zirat ke saath!) a'mal-daraamad hotaa hai.

is uSool ke nateejeh meN jo SaaHebah a'adata" der se tashreef laatee theeN pehlee martabah to teen ghanTe hee der se aayeeN lekin jab un ko naheeN paRhwaayaa gayaa to mujh par Khafaa bhee huyeeN! lekin agle mushaa,i'reh se woh waqt par aane lageeN.(woh mujh se is baat par aaj bhee Khafaa haiN aur is ko 25 saal ho chuke haiN!)

(2) mehmaan shaa,i'roN kee tarteeb maiN ek yaa do mo'tabar dostoN ke mashware se t^ai kartaa hooN lekin aaKhiree faiSilah meraa hee hotaa hai. shaa,i'roN ko :stage: par bulaane se qabl ek muKhtaSar taqreer meN yeh a'rZ^ kar detaa hooN keh :aap sab kaa maqaam hamaaree nigaahoN meN ek hee hai aur ham is qaabil naheeN haiN keh taqdeem-o-taaKheer kaa faiSiah kar sakeN! lekiN chooN.k ba-har-Haal mushaa,i'rah kisee tarteeb se to honaa hee hai, is liYe aap se dast-bastah guZaarish hai keh jab aap ko mad,o'o kiyaa jaaYe to Khandah-peshaanee se tashreef laaYeN aur apne kalaam-e-balaaGhat-niz^aam se hameN mustafeed farmaaYeN. aap kee shaa,i'raanah shaan meN koyee gustaaKhee ho jaaYe to maiN us kaa Zimmedaar hooN aur peshagee ma'Zirat Khwaah bhee:!

is ke ba'd kabhee kisee diqqat kaa saamnaa naheeN karnaa paRaa siwaaYe ek mauqe' ke jis kaa Zikr oopar kar chukaa hooN.

dar-aSl yeh mas,alah itnaa saKht naheeN hai jitnaa ham Urdu waaloN ne banaa rakhaa hai. achhee shaa,i'ree Z^aroor apnaa Khiraaj aap se wuSoole gee lekin is kee koshish Z^aroor honee chaahiYe keh us ko :ghaTiyaa: shaa,i'ree ke ba'd hee sunaa jaaYe! goyaa maiN :taqdeem-o-taaKheer: kaa yaqeena" qaa,il hooN. aap ko apne faiSiloN kaa mukammal iKhtiyaar hai!

t^ai kar chukaa hooN raah-e-muHabbat ke marHale
is se ziyaadah Haajat-e-sharH-o-bayaaN naheeN!

Sarwar A. Raz "Sarwar"