English اردو
SeHraa-SeHraa: Raj Kumar "Qais" kee kitaab par tabSirah
SeHraa SeHraaRaj Kumar "Qais" ke majmoo,a'h-e-Ghazaliyaat par tabSirah
Sarwar A. Raz "Sarwar"
SeHraa SeHraa America meN muqeem Raj Kumar Qais SaaHeb kee GhazaloN kaa majmoo,ah hai jo Haal hee meN New Delhi, India se baRee aab-o-taab ke saath` Urdu aur Hindi donoN meN shaa,ye huwaa hai. Qais pesheh ke liHaaz^ se Physics ke professor haiN aur mizaaja shaa,ir! aap Urdu sher-o-adab kaa nihaayat achh`aa Zauq rakh`te haiN. fit^rat-e-fai,yyaaZ^ ne aap ko fikr-e-rasaa aur zabaan-e-goyaa se nawaazaa hai chunaan.ch mauSoof dars-o-tadrees kee :chakee kee mashaqqat: ke saath` saath` apnee :t^urfah t^abee,at: kee paadaash meN :mashq-e-suKhan: meN bh`e ek muddat se maSroof haiN.is kitaab meN aTThaase (88) GhazaloN ke ilaawah ek aazaad naz^m :Ghazal kaa ilqaa: ke naam se bh`ee shaamil hai. kitaab ke aaKhir meN chand qit^,aat bh`ee kitaab kee zeenat haiN. Kitaab kaa muKhtaSar deebaachah Wali Alam Shaheen kaa likh`aa huwaa hai. is se Wali Alam Shaheen kee Qais SaaHeb se aqeedat kaa andaazah to Z^aroor hotaa hai lekin un kee shaa,iree par koyee naqidaanah raushanee naheeN paRtee hai.
har Ghazal-go shaa,ir kee taKhleeqaat par tabSirah karte waqt tabSirah-nigaar ko jo pehlee mushkil pesh aatee hai us ke Hawaaleh se Urdu ke maroof naqqaad Khalil ur Rehman Azmi ne ek dilchasp lekin pateh kee baat kahee hai. woh likh`te haiN keh:
ham kisee naYe Ghazal-go shaa,ir kee tareef karnaa chaaheN ge to us ke liYe kuch` is t^araH kaa rawai,yyah iKhtiyaar kareN ge keh agar woh jaZbaat kaa shaa,ir hai aur us ke jaZbaat meN shiddat hai to ham us ko Mir ke qabeeleh kaa shaa,ir kaheN ge. agar us ke yahaaN fikr kaa unSar hai yaa us ke taKhai,yyulaat meN pecheedagee yaa ishkaal hai to use Ghalib kee biraadaree meN shaamil kareNge. agar mu,aamilah-bandee aur chaTKhaarah hai to use to Jur,at aur Dagh se mumaacil bataaYeN ge. agar ustaadee aur kartab hai to Nasikh aur Zauq yaa isee qabeel ke kisee ustaad-e-fan se us kaa silsilah-e-nasab milaaYeN ge. beesweeN Sadee meN ham ne ham ne chand aur Ghazal-goyoN ke sar par az^mat kaa taaj rakh`aa hai, macala Hasrat, Asghar, Fani aur Jigar. ab aam naaqideen ne Urdu ke kisee jadeed Ghazal-go ko nawaazne kaa yeh DhaNg nikaalaa hai keh use achh`aa Ghazal-go aur jadeed shaa,ir kehne ke liYe inheeN anaaSir-e-arba,ah ke saath` rakh` kar dekh`naa aur kisee nah kisee se in kee qismat kaa sitaarah waabastah rakh`naa Z^arooree samjh`aa hai. is t^arz-e-tanqeed aur t^arz-e-ta,aaruf se hamaare baZ^ qaabil-e-qadr sho,araa apnee naqqaadoN ke haath` apnee shaa,iree kee KhaamiyoN ke saath apnee KhoobiyoN par bh`ee pardah Daalne meN kaamyaab huwe haiN aur is t^araH apne aap aur apnee shaa,iree ko zindah rakh`ne meN naakaam!
Khalil ur Rehman Azmi aage chal kar yeh mashwarah dete haiN keh kabh`ee kabh`ee Urdu ke murawwijah saaNchoN ko baalaa-e-t^aaq rakh` kar shaa,ir ke saath` Zehnee safar: karnaa Z^arooree hotaa hai aur yeh amal us kee shaa,iree ke baare meN ek mutawaazin aur motabar raaYe qaa,im karne meN mu,aawin caabit ho saktaa hai.
yahaaN Khalil ur Rehman Azmi kaa yeh iqtibaas denaa is liYe Z^arooree huwaa keh Qais kee shaa,iree par is kaa it^laaq bilaa-takalluf-o-taraddud kiyaa jaa saktaa hai. yanee SeHraa SeHraa ke mut^aalli.eh se z^aahir hotaa hai keh Qais kee shaa,iree ko jaaNchne, parakh`ne aur us par koyee sochee-samjh`ee raaYe qaa,im karne ke liYe Ghazal kee tanqeed ke murawwijah paimaane kam-o-besh besood caabit hoN ge aur is kaam ke liYe koyee aur hee t^areeqah apnaanaa ho gaa. Ghazal ko parakh`n ke liYe ek to woh paimaanah hai jis kee jaanib oopar ishaarah kiyaa gayaa hai aur jo Urdu shaa,iree ke musallimah asaatiZah ke kalaam kee rahshanee meN banaayaa gayaa ha. yeh paimaanah riwaayatee Ghazal par tanqeed ke liYe umooma soodmand caabit hotaa hai. doosraa paimaanah woh hai jis se jadeed Ghazaliyah shaa,iree jaaNchee jaa saktee hai. jaisaa keh aage dee jaane waalee micaaloN se caabit ho gaa, Qais kee shaa,iree in donoN paimaanoN kee girift meN naheeN aatee hai aur aur apne ifhaam-o-tafheem ke liYe kuch` aur chaahatee hai. yeh ijmaal qadre tafSeel kaa muta,qaaZ^ee hai.
jahaaN tak riwaayatee Ghazal kaa ta,aluuq hai to us ke maroof maZ^aameen hijr-e-wiSaal, Husn-o-ishq kee waardaateN, gul-o-bulbul ke qiSSe, shama-o-parwaanah kee daastaan, dunyaa kee be-cabaatee, Hayaat-o-mamaat ke masaa,il waGhairah haiN. Ghazal ke luGhawee manee hee :apne meHboob se baat karnaa: haiN. is Hawaaleh se dekh`iYe to har Ghazal-go shaa,ir ne Husn-o-ishq kee waardaat aur us ke muta,aliqah maZ^aameen apne apne andaaz meN baaNdh`e haiN. kabh`ee kabh`ee in maZ^aameen se muta,aliqah ikaa,iyoN (gul-o-bulbul, bahaar-o-KhizaaN, Saiyyaad-o-qafas, hijr-o-wiSaal, waGhairah) ko alaamatoN kee t^araH bh`ee istamal kiyaa gayaa hai lekin beshtar riwaayatee GhazaleN Husn-o-ishq kee waardaatoN ko un kee aSlee shakl hee meN pesh kartee haiN. Ghazal ko aam insaanoN kee zindagee se qareeb karne aur shaa,iree ko us kee :zameen: se marboot^ karne kee Khaat^ir jadeed Ghazal-goyoN ne is riwaayat se sha,ooree inHiraaf kiyaa hai aur Ghazal ke daaman ko kaNgh`ee-choTee, gul-o-bulbul aur aise hee.doosre :daqyaanoosee aur door-az-kaar: maZ^aameen se aazaad kar ke us se aise insaanee masaa,il par izhaar-e-Khayaal kaa kaam liyaa hai jo hameN roz-marrah kee zindagee meN pesh aate haiN. goyaa jadeed Ghazal-go sho,araa ne :Gham-e-Habeeb: ko ek t^arah rakh` kar :Gham-e-dunyaa: aur :Gham-e-rozgaar: ko sar-e-fehrist kar diyaa hai.
SeHraa-SeHraa par gehree naz^ar DaaliYe to us meN riwaayatee Ghazal ke maZ^aameen kaa taqreeba mukammal fuqdaan naz^ar aataa hai. Qais kee shaa,iree par guftgoo karte huwe Mir-o-Ghalib, Zauq-o-Momin kaa Zikr hee taHSeel-e-laa-HaaSil hai kyoN.k un kaa raNg-e-taGhazzul asaatiZah-e-qadeem ke andaaz-e-fikr-o-bayaan se baRee aur nihaayat numaayaaN Had tak munHarif hai. reh gayee jadeed yaa :waaqi,aatee: Ghazal aur us ke muqtaZ^iyaat to yeh andaaz-e-fikr bh`ee Qais ke yahaaN mafqood naz^ar aataa hai.bal.k mauSoof apnee ek Ghazal meN is t^arz-e-suKhan se in alfaaz meN inkaar karte haiN:
mujh` se jadeediyat kee umeedeN? Khudaa-panaah!
maiN Qais hooN, jahaan-e-kuhan kaa nishaaN hooN maiN
(Qais :Khudaa kee panaah: yaa :panaah-bah-Khudaa: kee jagah akcar :Khudaa-panaah: baaNdh`te haiN jo uSoola Ghalat^ hai. is kaa mazeed Zikr aage aa rahaa hai.)
is mushaa,hideh ke bad yeh sawaal paidaa hotaa hai keh agar Qais kaa raNg-e-taGhazzul riwaayatee aur jadeed donoN raNgoN se alag hai to aaKhir is kee aSliyyat aur maahiyat kyaa hai aur is par kis nuqtah-e-nigaah se beHc kee jaa saktee hai?apne is sher meN Qais ne Khud ko :jahaan-e-kuhan kaa nishaan: shaayad takallufa kahaa hai kyoN.k un kee shaa,iree is bayaan kee taayeed naheeN kartee hai.yaa ph`ir un kaa :jahaan-e-kuhan: Urdu adab-e-sher ke :jahaan-e-kuhan: se alag koyee doosraa maqaam hai!
oopar Khalil ur Rehman Azami ne shaa,ir ke saath` Zehnee safar ke jis t^areeq-e-kaar kaa Zikr kiyaa hai woh Qais kaa kalaam samajh`ne ke liYe munaasib maloom hotaa hai. goyaa Khud un kee shaa,iree ko hee apnee tafseer bayaan karne ke liYe istamaal karnaa daanishmandee kee daleel hai:
log mushtaaq bh`ee haiN, gosh-bar-aawaaz bh`ee haiN
Qais ko chaahiYe aise meN zabaaN to kh`ole!
Qais kee shaa,iree dar-aSl ek seedh`e-saade aur shaa,istah Zehn kee seedh`ee-saadee aur shaa,istah shaa,iree hai. us meN uloo-e-Khayaal, balandee-e-fikr-o-bayaan, shikoh-e-alfaaz^-o-muHaawirah, falsafah-e-Hayaat, mushaahidah-e-kaa,inaat aur aisee hee doosree KhuSooSiyaat talaash karnaa shaa,ir se naa-inSaafee kee daleel ho gaa. Qais KhaaliSata ek roomaanee aur jaZbaatee shaa,ir haiN aur unhoN ne apnee shaa,iree meN un jaZbaat ko apne qaaree tak poNhchaane kee koshish kee hai jin se who ek roomaan-parast insaan kee Haiciyyat se aashnaa haiN. un ke kalaam meN roomaaniyat kaa is qadar Ghalbah hai keh wohee is kee pehchaan ho kar reh gayee hai. is kaa laazimee nateejah yeh huwaa hai keh unhoN ne apnee shaa,iree ko chand mauZoo,aat kee chahaar-deewaaree meN meHdood kar diyaa hai aur is t^araH unhoN ne Ghazal ke riwaayatee maZ^aameen aur t^arz-e-suKhan se hee kam-o-besh mukammal iHtiraaz naheeN kiyaa hai bal.k Ghazal meN mauZ^oo yaa naYe t^arz-e-suKhan kaa koyee tajribah bh`ee naheeN kiyaa hai. unhoN ne jo andaaz-e-fikr-o-bayaan iKhtiyaar kiyaa hai us meN un ke jaZbaat kee Sadaaqat aur seedh`e-saade alfaaz^ meN in jaZbaat kee adaa,igee kee hee ahmiyyat hai. doosre awaamil aur muHarrikaat-e-sheree un ke yahaaN naz^ar naheeN aate haiN.
is meN koyee shak naheeN hai keh roomaanee jaZbaat aur un ke shaa,iraanah bayaan kee yeh yak-raNgee apnaa ek maqaam rakh`tee hai. jaisaa keh Munshi Brij Narain Chakbast Lucknawi ne apne mash,hoor-e-zamaanah sher meN kahaa hai, shaa,iree hai bh`ee dilee jaZbaat ke iz^haar kaa naam:
shaa,iree kyaa hai? dilee jaZbaat kaa iz^haar hai
dil agar bekaar hai to shaa,iree bekaar hai!
agar is baat ko Zehn meN rakh`aa jaaYe to Qais kee roomaanee shaa,iree apnee roomaanee dilkashee ke saath` apne saare darwaaze waa kar detee hai. un ke yahaaN zabaan kee Safaayee aur bayaan kee Sadaaqat aur dilfarebee ba-darjah-e-atam maujood haiN. unheN Khyaalaat kee lafz^ee aur manawee Soorat-garee kaa fan (art) bh`ee Khoob aataa hai aur Qais ne is ko apne kalaam meN qaaree ko apnaa ham-nawaa banaane ke liYe baRee chaabuk-dastee se istamaal bh`ee kiyaa hai. un ke yahaaN achh`e ash,aar kee kamee naheeN hai albattah maZ^aameen aur un ke bayaan meN nudrat aur tana,wwu kee kamee shiddat se meHsoos hotee hai. maloom naheeN keh Ghazal ke maroof maZ^aameen se yeh iGhmaaz Qais ne sha,ooree t^aur se iKhtiyaar kiyaa hai yaa yeh naa-maloom muHarriaat aur muqtaZ^iyaat-e-Hayaat kaa shaaKhsaanah hai. ba-har-kaif kitaab paRh`te waqt qaaree ko yeh iHsaas Z^aroor sataataa hai keh kaash Qais apne kalaam kaa Hudood-e-arba,ah (canvas) itnaa meHdood nah rakh`te aur apne ash,hab-e-fikr-o-bayaan ko maidaan-e-Ghazal meN aazaad ch`oR dete to laa-muHaalah nateejah ziyaadad dilfareb aur mu,accar hotaa. ba-eeN-hamah un ke kalaam meN taGhazzul, tafakkur aur sheriyat kee kamee naheeN hai. kuchh` ash,aar dekh`iYe:
safar kee yeh kaun see hai manzil, nah paa-e-raftan, nah jaa-e-maaNdan
naseem-aasaa chalaa th`aa gh`ar se, Ghubaar ban kar bikh`ar gayaa hooN!
kuch` hamaaree naz^ar hee kaa ejaaz th`aa
ham ne jis but ko dekh`aa Khudaa ho gayaa!
ham kisee ko bh`aa apnaa banaa nah sake
aap jis se mile aap kaa ho gayaa!
ham us kee aaNkh` peh sab kuch` luTaaYe baiTh`e haiN
jo aaNkh` uTh`aa keh kabh`ee ham ko dekh`taa bh`ee naheeN
Haal-e-dil apnaa sunaaYeN to sunaaYeN kaise
aap rehte haiN kahaaN, aap kahaaN milte haiN!
koyee apnaa agar naheeN hotaa
kyoN nah ham hee kisee ke ho jaaYeN?
ham peh paR jaaYe gar naz^ar teree
apnee naz^roN meN ham Khudaa ho jaaYeN
ik faqat^ aap naheeN haiN warnah
raat hai, chaaNd hai, purwaayee hai
dil dh`aRakne kee bh`ee aawaaz naheeN
koyee tanhaayee see tanhaayee hai!
yehee t^arz-e-ta,alluq hai to kyaa t^arz-e-ta,alluq hai
taGhaaful mustaqil teraa, tawajjuh aarZ^ee teree
sitam-eejaad ko maanoss-e-soz-o-saaz kyaa karte?
jo Khud hee raaz th`aa us ko shareek-e-raaz kyaa karte?
ham jahaaN bh`ee gaYe aa hamraah th`e
ham bh`alaa kyoN kisee ko bataane lage?
maiN akelaa th`aa ph`ir bh`ee akelaa nah th`aa
bekasee umr bh`ar saath` chaltee rahee
sunte aaYe haiN azal se jo kahaanee us meN
kuch` Haqeeqat bh`ee hai, kuch` Haashiyah-aaraayee bh`ee
oopar yeh kahaa gayaa hai keh Qais ke yahaaN riwaayatee maZ^aameen aur t^arz-e-suKhan se gurez naz^ar aataa hai. is gurez ko samajh`ne ke liYe chand micaaleN denee Z^arooree haiN. aisaa naheeN hai keh unhoN ne hijr-o-wiSaal, bahaar-o-KhizaaN aur aise hee doosre maZ^aameen b.ilkul hee naheeN baaNdh`e haiN. jo cheez dekh`ne kee hai woh yeh hai keh agar Qais ke yahaaN Ghazal ke riwaayatee maZ^aameen naz^m bh`ee kiYe gaYe haiN to is t^araH keh un kaa Khaarijee DhaaNchah aur daaKhilee bunat donoN apnee qadeemee aur jaanee boojh`ee shakl se raabit^ah qat^a kiYe huwe maloom hote haiN. is andaaz kaa bh`aa apnaa Husan hai lekin is ko bh`ee Qais ne kisee qaabil-e-Zikr paimaaneh par naheeN apnaayaa hai. neeche Qais ke aise chand ash,aar diYe jaa rahe haiN jin se is bayaan kee taSdeeq ho saktee hai. afsos keh aise ash,aar kee tadaad aaTe meN namak ke baraabar hai:
(1) hijr-o-wiSaal
hijr kee raatoN kee taareekee ab to miree hamjolee hai
aashaa,oN ke deep jalaaYe ek zamaanah beet gayaa
kis saleeqeh se shab-e-hijraaN sajaa lete haiN ham
too naheeN to teree yaadoN ko bulaa lete haiN ham
(2) saaGhar-e-Sehbaa
saaGhar ho keh paimaanah, suboo ho keh SuraaHee
sab kaif ke aalaat haiN, too kaif kaa unwaan
ajab dastoor hai saaqee tire peene pilaane kaa
nah ham ne jam dekh`aa hai nah dekh`aa hai suboo barsoN
saaGhar ho, SuraaHee ho, mai-e-zood-acar ho
jeenaa koyee mushkil naheeN saamaan agar ho
miraa dil huwaa hai jab se tiree aaNkh` kaanishaanaa
yeh fiZ^aa hai behkee behkee, yeh jahaaN sharaab-Khaanaa
(3) bahaar-o-KhizaaN
Khizaan ke jaur-o-sitam kee to koyee baat naheeN
magar bahaar ne bh`ee gul kh`ilaaYe haiN kyaa kyaa
daman meN mere ph`ool bh`ee haiN aur Khaar bh`ee
taSweer-e-imtizaaj-e-bahaar-o-KhizaaN hooN main
(4) Sanam-o-Khudaa
jise Sanam kabh`ee samjh`aa, kabh`ee Khudaa jaanaa
woh aisaa hosh-rubaa hai yaqeeN naheeN aataa
kise bataa,ooN keh teraa Khayaal aate hee
Hijaab mere taSawwur ko aaYe haiN kyaa kyaa
(5) shama-o-parwaanah:
tum sholah-badaamaaN ho, jigar-soKhtah ham haiN
who shama kee baateN haiN yeh parwaaneh kee baateN
parwaanoN kaa jo Haal huwaa us ko dekh` kar
ham ko bh`aa apnaa achh`aa buraa yaad aa gayaa
shama jis Haal meN jaltee hai use jalne do
ham pataNgoN kaa iraadah to wohee hai keh jo th`aa
(6) Husn-o-ishq:
Husn waaloN ne kayee baar wat^eere badle
ishq waaloN kaa saleeqah to wohee hai keh jo th`aa
dard-e-dil, soz-e-jigar, uftaadigee-e-jism-o-jaaN
bojh` bh`aaree hai magar ph`ir bh`ee uTh`aa lete haiN ham
shaam-e-Gham ko aur bh`ee raNgeeN banaa lete haiN ham
mai meN kuch` Khoon-e-tamannaa bh`ee milaa lete haiN ham
SeHraa-SeHraa kee beshtar GhazaloN kee bunat, un ke maZ^aameen aur aam andaaz-e-taGhazzul se aisaa meHsoos hotaa hai keh Qais mushaa,iroN ke shaa,ir haiN aur akcar GhazaleN aaj kal ke mushaa,iroN ke raNg ko dekh` kar aur un meN aane waale qaari,eeen ke Zauq-e-shere ke pesh-e-naz^ar kahee gayee haiN. yanee doosre alfaaz^ meN yooN keh sakte haiN keh Qais kee beshtar GhazaleN :paRh`ne: se ziyaadah :sun,ne, sunaane: se ta,alluq rakh`tee haiN. saadah aur aam-fehm maZ^aameen, seedh`aa-saadah andaaz-e-bayaan, aasaan zabaan aur muHaawire, zabaan kaa chaTKhaarah, GhazaloN kaa aam (awaamee) raNg waGhairah sab hee KhuSooSiyaat kitaab meN maujood haiN. baZaat-e-Khud yeh koyee Kharaab baat naheeN hai. lekin agar aisee umoomiyat shaa,ir kee taKhleeqee quwwatoN par Haawee ho jaaYe aur us kee Khallaqee ko meHdood kar de to maqaam-e-fikr Z^aroor hai. Qais ke maqt^oN meN yeh raNg bohat numaayaaN hai aur yeh taqreeba yaqeen ke saath` kahaa jaa saktaa hai keh fee-za,aamah musha,iroN ke saami,een ke maZaaq ke pesh-e-naz^ar in par Khoob daad bh`ee mil saktee hai. yeh kehnaa to mushkil hai keh shaa,ir kee yeh koshish sha,ooree hai yaa Ghair-sha,ooree. albattah yeh Z^aroor kahaa jaa saktaa hai keh agar yeh Soorat-e-Haal kitaab meN is qadar numaayaaN nah hotee to behtar th`aa. is qabeel ke chand ash,aar dekh`iYe:
nigaah-e-Qaid tiree dastras ko maan gaYe
kahaaN kahaaN se maZ^aameeN churaaYe haiN kyaa kyaa!
Qais se pehle bh`ee is kh`el ke maahir th`e kayee
koyee Ghalib, koyee Momin, koyee Inshaa niklaa
Qais kee baateN sunte jaa,o, in meN manee mat Dh`ooNDo
is paagal ko hosh gaNwaaYe ek zamaanah beet gayaa
dekh`aa jo us ne Qais kee reesh-e-daraaz ko
bolaa Khudaa kaa shukr hai! ik paarsaa milaa
gar Qais se milyo to Zaraa soch ke milyo
insaan kaa insaan hai, shait^aan kaa shait^aan
sun ke mere sher-Khwaanee us pareewash ne kahaa
shaa,iree achh`ee hai lekin aadamee bekaar hai
Qais ne kitaab meN :kuch` apne baare meN: ke teHt Firaq Gorakhpuri se un ke andaaz-e-tafakkur aur Dagh Dehlavi se un ke andaaz-e-bayaan ke Hawaaleh se apnee aqeedat aur iraadat-mandee kaa Zikr aur etiraaf kiyaa hai. unhoN ne sha,ooree t^aur par donoN ke raNg meN sher kehne kee koshish bh`ee kee hai. Firaq kee Husn-parastee aur jamaaliyaat aur Dagh kee Saaf-suth`ree zabaan aur saadah magar pur-acar andaaz-e-suKhan Qais ke yahaaN bh`ee dekh`e jaa sakte haiN. jahaaN woh Firaq kee jamaaliyaat kee naql meN ek Had tak kaamyaab haiN waheeN woh Dagh kee zabaan-o-bayaan kee Safaayee ko bh`ee apne kalaam meN juzwee t^aur se numaayaaN kar sake haiN. yahaaN :ek Had tak: aur :juzwee t^aur se: is liYe kahaa gayaa hai keh aisee koshisheN pooree t^araH kabh`ee kaamyaab naheeN hotee haiN. jo log Firaq aur Dagh ko ba-naz^ar-e-Ghaa,ir paRh` aur samajh` chuke haiN woh Qais kee shaa,iree ke is pehloo ko Firaq aur Dagh ke kalaam ke muqaabileh meN taGhazzul, tafakkur, andaaz-e-bayaan aur bandish sabh`ee HawaaloN se mumai,yyaz aur kam-maayah paaYeN ge aur is farq ko meHsoos karne meN unheN kisee diqqat kaa saamnaa bh`ee naheeN ho gaa. Firaq aur Dagh donoN ne apne kalaam meN Ghazal ke mauZ^oo,aat aur t^arz-e-suKhan meN intihaayee nairaNgee aur wus,at kaa ihtimaam rakh`aa hai. un ko kisee Hawaaleh se bh`ee yak-ruKhee shaa,ir naheeN kahaa jaa saktaa hai jab.k Qais kee ziyaadah-tar shaa,iree is ilzaam se baree naheeN kahee jaa saktee hai. yaqeena Qais aise ahl-e-naz^ar se yeh baat posheedah naheeN hai keh agar shaa,ir kaa apnaa ek munfarid raNg aur t^arz-e-suKhan ho to dunyaa-e-adab meN us ke zindah rehne ke imkaanat baRh jaate haiN. in HaqeeqatoN ke pesh-e-naz^ar yeh ummeed naa-munaasib naheeN hai keh woh apne agle majmoo,eh meN apne kalaam kee raah alag banaane kee koshish kareN ge. darj-e-Zel ash,aar se us qarZ^ kaa andaazah ho saktaa hai jo Qais ne Firaq aur Dagh se un ke andaaz-e-fikr-o-suKhan ke Hawaaleh se liyaa hai:
koyee umeed nah th`ee ph`ir bh`ee paas aa hee gayaa
agar.ch jh`ooTaa th`aa wadah magar nibh`aa hee gayaa
naz^ar kee kaaT kuch` aisee keh jaan le hee gayee
badan kaa loch kuch` aisaa keh dil hilaa hee gayaa
woh kaisaa hai, kaisee ph`aban hai, kaisee adaa hai, mat pooch`o
us koocheh meN aaYe jaaYe ek zamaanah beet gayaa
us kaa ik ik aNg th`aa meraa, woh bh`ee ek zamaanah th`aa
ab to us ko haath` lagaaYe ek zamaanah beet gayaa
Brindaban kee baateN ch`oRo SeHraa,oN kaa Zikr karo
ab to ham ko raas rachaaYe ek zamaanah beet gayaa
raatoN kee neeNd uR gayee, din kaa sukooN gayaa
kuch` aise baaNkpan se woh kaafir-adaa milaa
tire Husn kaa karishmah, mire shauq ko ubh`aaraa
mire ishq kee karaamat tire Husn ko nikh`aaraa
ham apne dil kaa fasaanah sunaa to deN lekin
kisee kee aaNkh` jo sharmaa gayee to kyaa ho gaa?
tiree aaNkh` kaa jo Khumaar th`aa mire rom-rom meN bas gayaa
tire roop kaa jo nikh`aar th`aa mire aNg aNg ko dh`o gayaa!
baat karne kaa woh andaaz, woh lehjah teraa
jaise kh`ul jaaYe kisee madbharee botal kaa dahan
rooH-farsaa hai mahaktee huyee har mauj-e-nafas
jaan-lewaa hai chehaktaa huwaa har uZ^v-e-badan
aa kuch` aise keh tujh`e dekh` ke uR jaaYeN Hawaas
jaa kuch` aise keh tiree yaad meN reh jaa,ooN magan
mere ch`oote hee gh`abraa ke bole
ham to Gangaa nahaaYe huYe haiN!
reh jaa,o agar paas hamaare kisee Soorat
mar jaaYeN jo ch`eReN kabh`ee mar jaane kee baateN
du,aa ko haath` uTh`aanaa tiraa ba-waqt-e-saHar
woh gore haath` woh goree kalaa,iyaaN teree
koyee Haseen kalee os meN nahaate huYe
jo aNg aNg ch`upaaYe to us ko kyaa kahiYe?
SeHraa-SeHraa meN ek aadh` jagah zabaan-o-bayaan kee aGhlaat^ naz^ar aatee haiN jo Qais kee ilmiyyat aur tajribeh ke pesh-e-naz^ar qadre Hairatnaak haiN aur th`oRee see tawajjuh se door ho saktee th`eeN. macala mauSoof :Khudaa kee panaah: yaa :panaah ba-Khudaa: kee jagah :Khudaa paaah: aur isee t^araH :Khudaa Sadqe: istamaal karte haiN jo uSoola Ghair-maanoos bal.k Ghalat^ haiN:
mujh` se jadeediyat kee umeedeN Khudaa-panaah!
main Qais hooN, jaan-e-kuhan kaa nishaaN hooN maiN
Qais jab tak jiyaa Khudaa Sadqe
mar gayaa hai to kuch` malaal naheeN
isee qabeel ke kuch` aur ashaar dekh`iYe:
nah jaane kab se chaaleN chal rahee th`ee dil-lagee teree
keh ab to raat din hone lagee hai bandagee teree
yahaaN :dil-lagee: ko :dil kee lagee: ke manee meN likh`aa gayaa hai jab.k is ke manee :maZaaq: haiN.
SubH ho, shaam ho, do-pehr ho yaa neem-shabee
gh`ar kaa darwaazah kh`ulaa rakkh`o keh aaYe to koyee
SaHeeH lafz^ :do pahar: (hey par zabar ke saath`) hai nah keh :do pehr: ( hey par sukoon ke saath`). Hasrat Mohani kehte haiN:
do pahar kee dh`oop meN mere bulaane ke liYe
woh tiraa koTh`e peh naNge paa,ooN aanaa yaad hai!
isee t^araH darj-e-Zel sher meN :saktaa saa gayaa: baaNdh`aa gayaa hai jab.k SaHeeH muHaawirah :saktaa jaanaa: naheeN hai bal.k :sakteh meN aa jaanaa: yaa :saktah ho jaanaa: hai.
dekh`aa jo miraa Haal to saktaa saa gayaa woh
dil toR diyaa us kaa miree dil-shikanee ne
kitaab ke aam mayaar ke pesh-e-naz^ar laa-muHaalah qaaree ko Khayaal aataa hai keh yeh mamoolee Ghalat^iyaaN nah hoteeN to behtar th`aa. ek aur baat Qais kee un GhazaloN ke Hawaaleh se qaabil-e-Zikr hai jo Ghazal-e-musalsal kaa Hukm rakh`tee haiN lekin ba-yak-naz^ar un kee yeh shakl qaaree ko kisee t^araH (macala qit^a-band kee nishaan se) waaZ^iH naheeN kee gayee hai. in GhazaloN ko agar ek ikaayee kee Haiciyyat se nah paRh`aa jaaYe to akcar darmiyaan ke ash,aar be-rabt^ aur mubham naz^ar aate haiN. Hasrat Mohani kee :chupke chupke raat din aaNsoo bahaanaa yaad hai: ko dekh`iYe to har sher doosre ash,aar se manee aur bayaan meN baraabar kaa shareek hai bal.k apnee infiraadee Haiciyyat meN bh`ee mukammal hai aur kisee tafseer yaa tashreeH kaa muHtaaj naheeN hai. bar-Khilaaf is ke SeHraa-SeHraa meN kayee GhazaleN aisee haiN jin ke ash,aar apnee tashreeH ke liYe doosre sheroN ke muHtaaj naz^ar aate haiN. yanee agar in meN se koyee sher mujarrad paRh`aa jaaYe to Z^arooree naheeN hai keh us kaa mat^lab qaaree par waaZ^eH ho jaaYe. chand micaaleN dekh`iYe:
baateN mubham mubham hoteeN
lehjah ukh`Raa ukh`Raa hotaa
yaadoN kee bauch`aaReN hoteeN
dil mutawaatir dh`aRkaa hotaa
aaNkh` meN aaNsoo Th`er nah paate
qat^rah qat^rah daryaa hotaa
agar in ash,aar ke saath` Ghazal kaa mat^la nah paRh`aa jaaYe to yeh naheeN maloom hotaa keh in kaa siyaaq-o-sibaaq aur mat^lab kyaa hai? inheN mat^le ke saath` milaa kar paRy`iYe to yeh iltabaas faura door ho jaataa hai. mat^la yooN hai:
kaash keh Husn bh`ee tanhaa hotaa
kyaa hotaa gar aisaa hotaa?
ek aur micaal dekh`iYe:
ek sehmee huyee Sadaa ho jaaYeN
ek TooTaa huwaa diyaa ho jaaYeN
umr-e-raftah kaa marciyah ho jaaYeN
aap apnaa hee faatiHah ho jaaYeN
yeh ash,aar yooN to Ghaneemat haiN lekin in ko paRh` kar yeh naheeN maloom hotaa keh :kaun ho jaaYeN?: jab tak in ko mat^le ke saath` nah paRh`aa jaaYe jo darj-e-Zel hai:
teree maaneN to paarsaa ho jaaYeN
ek Ghamnaak Haadicah ho jaaYeN
yeh Soorat Qais kee ch`oTee beHr kee GhazaloN meN akcar naz^ar aa jaatee hai. agar woh aise maqaamaat kee nishaan-dehee qit^a-band kee aalaamat se kar dete to qaaree kee mushkil aasaan ho jaatee. isee t^araH yeh ash,aar bh`ee dekh`iYe:
yeh alfaaz^ kaa raqS-e-jaadoo-acar
yeh aawaaz kaa zer-o-bam dosto
kaheeN dilsitaanee kee arZ^-e-jameel
kaheeN fikr-o-fan kaa iram dosto
kaheeN Ganga-Jamna kee sargoshiyaaN
kaheeN ramz-e-miSr-o-ajam dosto
ba-z^aahir yeh naz^m ke ash,aar maloom hote haiN aur jab tak in ke bad kaa sher nah paRh`aa jaaYe yeh apne manee meN ek mu,ammah hee rehte haiN. jo in ash,aar ke mat^lab kee takmeel kartaa hai woh yooN hai:
inheeN se ibaarat mire shaa,iree
inheeN se hai zor-e-qalam dosto!
is mufaSSil tabSireh se yeh z^aahir hai keh SeHraa-SeHraa Urdu Ghazal ke Khazeeneh meN ek dilkash iZ^aafah hai. Suwaree aur manawee donoN HaiciyyatoN se yeh kitaab dekh`ne, paRh`ne aur samajh`ne ke qaabil hai. raaqim-ul-Huroof ko yaqeen hai keh aa,indah bh`ee Qais SaaHeb gesoo-e-Urdu kee aaraa,ish aur ihtimaam meN isee t^araH maSroof raheN ge aur apne kalaam se ham ko mustafeed farmaate raheN ge. Urdu sher-o-adab un par aur un kee kitaab par bajaa t^aur se faKhr kar saktaa hai. aisee achh`ee kitaab par main Qais SaaHeb kee Khidmat meN hadyah-e-tabreek pesh kartaa hooN:
yeh Qais jaisaa bh`ee hai, is qadar buraa to naheeN
tumhaaree bazm meN aayaa, Ghazal sunaa hee gayaa!
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